“Use now and then a little Exercise a quarter of an Hour before Meals, as to swing a Weight, or swing your Arms about with a small Weight in each Hand; to leap, or the like, for that stirs the Muscles of the Breast.” Benjamin Franklin

Update (Wednesday): 20 minutes cardio (walking in park); 5 minutes stretch/abs.

Using the opportunities you have helps you to do something that otherwise you would find excuses not to do. That is most possibly the wordiest sentence possible and says the least but I am using a really loud keyboard right now and just typing more words than necessary because I like the sound it makes. Clack clack clatter.

Okay. Let's try it again. I think what I want to say is this: You can either find a way to make do with what you have and reach your goal regardless of your circumstances, or you can make excuses and stay where you are, which is not where you want to be.

As Steven Pressfield says in his book The War of Art , "Casting yourself as a victim is the antithesis of doing your work. Don't do it. If you're doing it, stop." (By the by, there are 118 customer reviews at Amazon on this book. Is that normal? 118? Wow.)

Resources: Go to your local library or bookstore and check out a copy of Pressfield's book. It's a great, creative kick-in-the-pants, and though it addresses the "creative life" most directly, the principles apply to any endeavor.

If you are a graphic designer or photographer, check out TheCreativeForum.com, which is "a Web-based community for the creative professional that will allow graphic designers, art directors, commercial photographers and other commercial artists to exchange creative ideas via posting of images and work samples for discussion and critique." There you have it.

If you're a writer, read this excellent article from Write to Done - which I don't know much about, but I'm impressed with what I've seen; I think it's a good find - on establishing the daily habit of writing. (It comes from the Zen Habits blogger, Leo Babauta, so it's got to be good.)

Tip: It's more important to be diligent in the small things, everyday, than to kill yourself trying to accomplish that one big thing. The small things add up to big things. Pick something you've been slacking on (time with your spouse, exercise, calling a friend, reading, cooking a good meal) and be diligent and excellent at that small thing. There will be big results. It's just a matter of time + diligence.

Teach the wise, and they will be wiser. Teach the righteous, and they will learn more. Proverbs 9:9

Ultimately, the only power to which man should aspire is that which he exercises over himself. Elie Wiesel

Update (Monday): 30 minutes cardio (walking); 5 minutes toning (abs).

I went through Kim Lyons' book yesterday and picked out some toning, strength, and stretching moves to try. I am needing a routine for that half of this extreme exercise regime... My "sexy abs sit-ups" just aren't quite enough.

Speaking of the Kim Lyon's book ( optimum everything in 12 weeks!), it's a useful tool for at-home exercise, plus a good overall fitness primer. She begins with an introduction to your body, then moves on to your mindset. Her discussion of habits is valuable for anyone wanting to make exercise and good nutrition a real part of life.

Because it's really all about the habits. We can force ourselves to stick to a diet for a certain amount of time, to really push through on working out for a while, but it is only in forming habits that we get long-lasting benefits. That's what these monthly challenges are all about: 30 days to form a habit.(Some people say 21, I know, but I'm going for 30 just to be safe.)

These life-improvement binges we go on don't help us; in fact, they turn us off to making real, positive changes. I went on a diet once, when I was 17. My whole family did; Mom read about it in a magazine. It was called " The Cabbage Soup Diet." To this day, I don't understand what dark, mysterious force compelled all 4 of us to agree to a week of eating cabbage soup. (That's wrong right there, I don't care who you are...)

I ate cabbage soup for a week and gained two pounds. I have never dieted since. One bad experience can turn you off from something that could be good. (Though I don't think cabbage soup is ever that good.)

It's better, far, far better to establish habits that you can maintain for a long time. You make small changes that produce small effects, but over months and years those small things become big. Diligence and consistency can accomplish lots more, and in a much more painless way, than fads and binges.

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Resources: From Fox News Health Blog, a 7-day log of the Cabbage Soup Diet experience. Read it and weep. (At least I did.)

From BPhoenix website, an article and list of fad diets. Yep, Cabbage Soup is on there.

From KidsHealth, an article on establishing habits that will help your kids be healthy eaters from 'kidhood' on. I don't at all agree with their "avoid battles" concept of training toddlers how to eat... But then, I seldom agree with popular culture's child-rearing philosophies. More on that some other time.

Tip: Think of one unhealthy habit you have now that you could change. It could be small, but small changes add up! Drink a glass of water every morning; eat a salad every night; snack on fruit instead of a Swiss Cake Roll. Pick one, and start making it a habit.

Say unto Wisdom, You are my sister; and call Understanding your intimate friend. Proverbs 7:4

1. Always be on the phone when you see him at the end of the day.

   Preferably, be talking to your girlfriend, your sister, or your mom about a topic that either (a) irritates him or (b) means absolutely less than nothing to him. Give him a slight wave but don't interrupt your conversation to give him a kiss, a smile, or a word. Continue talking with all the intensity you can muster. Be extremely interested in your conversation. Show no signs of slowing down just because he's around. And make sure you talk loudly, pace, or otherwise make yourself impossible to ignore. If you're at home, be sure the kitchen is dark and cold and very much untouched by you.

2. Talk to him like you would to your five-year-old nephew.

   An extremely effective method of irritation. Make sure you use the same small words, repeat yourself, ask if he understands at the end of every sentence, and throw in a somewhat drippy, condescending tone to top it all off. Use an appropriate pet name: cutie, silly boy, munchkin, and little man are all excellent choices.

3. Never tell him what's of concern to you, and never ask for his help.

   Be sure your stress is evident: creased brow, frown lines, nervous movements, loud sighs, and lots of muttering to yourself. If he takes the bait and asks you what's wrong, look at him like you forgot he was there, give a little laugh and say, “Oh, nothing honey, really...” Then ask him a very unimportant question using Method #2. Be sure you continue to look adequately stressed about your issue as he answers your question. Bonus points: Have a muttered, somewhat secretive phone conversation with girlfriend/sis/mom about said issue later that night. Be sure he sees you and catches your stressed tone of voice.

4. Keep a mental list of his faults; add to it continually.

   Of course you know he's not perfect, and the best way to show him that you know is to keep thinking about all the ways he isn't. You actually don't have to say any of these out loud to communicate your displeasure (although there will be chances for that, too). Just keeping that mental list will be sufficient, and be sure you add every new fault you notice as soon as you notice it, even if it's only happened once. Also, come up with creative little titles for the faults on your mental list. Include dramatic words with a sense of finality and hopelessness. For example, “picks his nose in the car” should be called “Is SO disgusting because he's ALWAYS shoving his finger up his nose in the MIDDLE of traffic.” Much more effective.

5. Mock him publicly, especially in front of your family and/or his friends.

   You will, of course, never be at a loss for what to mock him about since you've got that handy mental list ready at all times. And since you're continually thinking about it and adding to it, you'll be able to create a connection with whatever conversation you're in, no matter how vague to everyone else. Example: You run into a couple of friends at the grocery store who relate the horrible car wreck they witnessed yesterday. You listen and nod and then say, “Well, at least Jimbo here wasn't with you. He would've just stuck his finger up his nose as usual, right in front of all the cops...” Ignore Jimbo's look of chagrin. Ignore the fact that you've only actually seen him pick his nose twice in your entire relationship.

6. Moderate your interest level carefully.

   This is a key concept if you really want to alienate your husband. You need to practice because if you go too overboard with either demonstration it will just be weird. So get those “I'm really interested” signals down very well. Use them anytime you get a phone call, anytime you're talking about your past, anytime someone else in a group that includes your husband is talking, and especially when you're talking about your preferences, your day, or your emotions. Now, for the “I'm not at all interested and I'm just managing to tolerate the hideous boredom of this conversation” signals, pick key times. These include anytime your husband is talking about his family, his work, or his past; anytime he shares an idea (any kind of idea); anytime you're at some event that is more in keeping with his interests than yours; and especially anytime he hints around for intimacy. Really, the only time you should show interest when your husband talks is when he talks about you.

7. Cultivate irritating habits.

   The infamous silent treatment is probably the mother of all irritating habits. Be sure you use that one often. Nagging, of course, is another especially effective irritation. Use a whiny voice even when you're in a good mood. Sigh often without explanation. Blame everything on your hormones, your past, or your husband's typically male inability to be sensitive enough. Make fun of anything overtly masculine about him. Make fun of anything he likes that you don't. Forget the names of important people from his past. Act a little fuzzy about what he actually does at work when anyone asks. Get a baby-innocent blank look to employ when he asks you about his favorite sweater, season tickets, or “planned” trip to his family reunion. Come up with a girly, demeaning name for his favorite band, sport, place, food, etc., and use it often.

8. Be obviously manipulative.

   Face it, you're probably manipulative anyway, and it's probably obvious to your husband even if he doesn't point it out. Well, go ahead and play it up for all it's worth. Use that baby voice. Use sex as a prize if he does what you want (or lack thereof as punishment if he doesn't). Use all your best irritating habits to get what you want. Nag him about a vacation until he agrees. Start giving him the silent treatment if he doesn't seem interested in taking you to that new romantic comedy (making it even more romantic when he finally does agree to take you). Threaten to call his mother, your mother, his boss, or his best friend whenever needed. Use impossibly unreasonable jabs like “Do you really want me to be unhappy?” and “You really hate our kids, don't you?” and “I just never expected you to be so insensitive all the time.”

9. Never tell him what you want in a way that makes sense.

   Rely on your irritating habits and manipulation skills to get what you want. Never, ever just ask him for something in a normal voice. If he asks you a direct question about your preference, just say something like, “Oh, you know.....” or “Oh... I don't really care....”. Of course, if he makes the mistake of taking you seriously and simply making a decision without questioning you further and deciphering your hints until he finally figures out what you do want, employ one of those irritating habits like the silent treatment.

10. Maintain your impossible expectations.

    All those items on your mental list of your husband's faults are probably negative exaggerations of your own expectations of what he should be. By all means, hang on to these expectations, no matter how silly, because they are invaluable in keeping your husband alienated. Whatever you do, never consider the possibility that your expectations are the problem, not your husband's hideous faults. Meditate on your expectations religiously. See them as the key to your happiness. Refer to them as the only separation between the two of you and marital bliss. Take no responsibility for your attitudes or emotions when they go haywire due to an expectation being, once again, grossly unfulfilled. Consider yourself a selfless martyr every time your husband fails to either automatically understand an expectation or flawlessly meet it.

Employ these ten simple habits and you are well on your way to continual conflict, total dissolution of mutual interests, and marital hell. They're effective enough to be used singly whenever harmony seems to be rearing its ugly head, but are especially helpful when collectively applied over time. Ruin your marriage – don't let a day go by without alienating your husband!

Challenge Update: I'm on a roll, feeling like this 5 am wake time is more habit than not habit. I think I am going to have to continue to think of it as a monthly challenge for another month, however, to really get the habit solidified. Those few days of sickness and "rest" threw off my rhythm. Getting up is rather habitual, but my body is trained well enough to stay awake yet. I can stay awake, and do, but it's a struggle. I need to get that pattern in place so my body clock adjusts. I also need to work on going to bed a wee bit earlier than, oh, midnight.

Improve Your Life: Bill Ford, in his book High Energy Habits, suggests making a list of all the little things that annoy you and then dedicating time to taking care of those things. Here's what he says:

We pick up a lot of drag in our lives; little things that slow us down, which we hardly notice and come to think of as just part of life - inevitable friction, like barnacles on a ship's hull. The good news is that we don't have to put up with them and life is different when we do something about them.

Ford suggests making this list and then choosing three of the easy items on the list and tackling them immediately. He suggests making time every day to deal with these annoyances. And yes, for the inevitable protest of no time, he has an answer:

We are so busy that these little things do not seem to justify a high priority. But it takes energy to ignore them. And that is the cost - the energy spent on ignoring is wasted and it adds up.

So take his advice. I'm working on it. Yesterday I got rid of a dead plant that had been sitting in my living room, annoying me, for months. Then I tried to fix the loose screw on our table. I say tried because once I got the screwdriver and got under the table, the only screws I could locate were tight. So this is an annoyance I will have to pass on to my husband, the resident fixer-improver-constructor-man.

Be Open-Minded: Take a moment and think of a person you spend a lot of time with, like your spouse, your children, your cubicle mate, your best friend. Identify one thing you do, habitually, almost unconsciously, that has the potential to annoy that person. (Just pick one!) Work on eliminating that habit, or replacing it with something that will uplift and energize rather than annoy. You'll find yourself more uplifted and energized as well.

By the way, you can buy Ford's book online at Amazon for as little as $1.99. It's a good framework for revamping some life habits that drain you and includes chapters and suggestions on using your strengths more often, clearing clutter, creating time to think, and more.

Challenge Update: Late to bed, not early to rise. I got up and started my coffee, then made the mistake of laying down for "just a few more minutes" while it brewed.

Not a good idea.

What is so difficult about consistency in getting up early? Let's look at the factors.

Physical Factors

• Physical Weariness/Fatigue: Fatigue is caused by more than just how much sleep you get; unfortunately, most of us always attribute weariness to lack of sleep without considering other causes. Psychologically, then, if you experience lots of fatigue during the day, you're much less likely to want to get up when the alarm goes off. The rationalization goes like this: I was so tired yesterday. I'm not productive when I'm that tired. I hate being tired. If I sleep in just a little longer, I won't be so tired today. Sometimes, lack of sleep is the problem, but this should be addressed by adjusting your bedtime, not by hitting snooze five times in the morning. That "extra" sleep usually isn't sufficient for another REM cycle anyway and won't make you feel any more rested.
• Diet, Nutrition, and Exercise: Lots of processed food, lots of sugar, refined flours, fast food, greasy food, and too much caffeine give your body lots of hard work and can cause you to feel sluggish, unenergized, and unmotivated. Regular exercise, even if only for fifteen or twenty minutes a day, will boost energy.
• Amount of Sleep Needed: We all have this "eight hours of sleep" programmed into our brains from childhood. However, eight hours is not always an accurate estimate of how much sleep you need. People are different, and people's needs change during the course of life. An article from WebMD points out that eight hours is an average gained from a classic sleep study, and that there are long sleepers (those who need nine or more hours) and short sleepers (those who need five to six hours).

• Sickness and Special Physical Conditions: When you're sick, your body needs more rest because it is working harder than normal to fight off infection. Listen, and go to bed earlier, take naps, turn off your alarm, and do what you need to do in order to get extra rest. Special physical conditions such as pregnancy also create a need for additional sleep; the body is working hard to provide for a new little life. Naps and earlier bedtimes help a lot.

Mental and Emotional Factors

• Continual Stress: Situations that create anxiety, especially when the situation is ongoing, can cause debilitating weariness. Stress comes from work situations, loss of job, family crisis, relationship problems, financial problems or even things not tagged as problems: moving, changing careers, remodeling, major holidays, adoption, pregnancy, etc. Any situation that brings change, good or bad, also brings stress. Your emotional defense to this stress can be the "find a cave and hide" reaction, and it sends a strong message via physical weariness. This kind of reaction is especially common if you, like me, are a person who avoids conflict.
• Lack of Vision: Having no purpose, no vision for the day or week or month or year or life, or having a purpose but no plan for implementation will make it difficult to get yourself moving in the morning. If you have no reason, no goal that you are seeking to accomplish, no drive, then you have no motivation. You have no reason to get moving, and you also probably have depression because of a lack of defined purpose.
• Intimidating Project: Perhaps you have purpose, and a plan, but you also have a challenge waiting for you at work or at home. It could be a project you enjoy but that takes a long time and doesn't show much progress. It could be a challenge that you don't feel adequate to tackle. The knowledge that something big, overwhelming, and discouraging waits for you makes staying in bed much more appealing.

Environmental Factors

• Clutter: A messy room, home, and work environment sends strong messages that you can't really ignore. Clutter makes you feel out of control even if you aren't. It makes you take serious things less seriously; if your home or office isn't important enough to keep neat and clean, then how important are the activities that take place within it? Waking up to a messy room tells you that you are already starting out behind.
• Lack of Light: A room with no windows or very heavy drapes that allow no sunlight creates a perpetual night. Light is the natural wake-up call. If you don't have any in your room, you are sabotaging your own efforts.
• Weather: Hibernation instincts kick in during winter, especially on those gray days. Dark, rainy days anytime of year tend to make the bed feel much more comfortable.
• Family Habits: If your night-owl husband keeps you up too late and then sleeps peacefully through the alarm, it's going to be much more difficult for you to bound out of bed and start your day. If you have children and no morning or evening routines, you're creating even more difficulty.
• Social Obligations: Staying out too late with friends, not to mention the unpleasant effects of too much alcohol, work against your getting up early efforts.
• Bad Alarm Clock Set-Up: You need an alarm clock you can hear and cannot ignore (it should be very annoying); you need to put it close enough to wake you up but too far away to turn off without getting out of bed. If you can sleep through your alarm or hit the snooze button without lifting your head, you will still be in bed an hour after it rings.

Help Yourself

Don't be a slave to habits that work against your efforts. Change a few things (the ones that made you nod and say, Oooh, that's my problem) and renew your efforts to get up early.

• Drink lots of water during the day. Keep a bottle handy and refill it every time you empty it. Make yourself drink a glass of water before you have a soda or a coffee or a snack.
• Drink no caffeine after noon. Caffeine's effects can hit you much later than you think. Too much caffeine isn't good for you anyway, so get what you want in the morning and drink decaf after lunch. Better yet, drink water after lunch!
• Cut out fast food. If it's a habit, then let yourself have fast food once a week, maybe for a treat on Saturday or something. Otherwise, don't eat it.
• Cut out processed food for snacks. Eat fresh fruit and vegetables instead.
• Add a salad to your daily lunch or dinner, or to both. Eat your salad first.
• Get some exercise. Fifteen or twenty minutes is great. Start somewhere. Walk in the park. Get some exercise videos. Walk in the mall. Get some hand weights or an aerobic band. Dance.
• Don't worry about a bedtime; go to sleep when you're sleepy.
• Don't talk about or deal with stressful matters at night. Turn off the phone ringer if you have to. Do things that are calming, repetitive, and relaxing. Don't watch movies that are disturbing.
• Keep a notebook and pen handy at night. If you think of something to do, someone to call, whatever, write it down. That way your brain won't feel like it has to remember and you can continue to relax.
• Use a planner and make a plan. Jot down your morning get-up time in your planner, and a short to-do list for the next day. Leave it out on the kitchen table or by the coffee maker so you see it first thing in the morning.
• Find your purpose.
• Get help with your challenging projects. Have a friend come over to help you paint or cook pies or whatever. Schedule a meeting to work on a project together. Make a date with your spouse to do taxes. Don't tackle this stuff alone.
• Balance your day with long-progress projects and immediate- gratification items. Do something every day that allows you to see immediate results.
• Clean up your bedroom, including the closet. Take everything out of your room except what you need for dressing, sleeping, and sex. If you must, keep a couple of books by your bed; but don't bring in a whole library and definitely don't bring in work papers.
• Simplify your decor. Soft, muted colors are relaxing.
• Plan a special "reward" for yourself on nasty-weather days. Buy yourself a latte or have a cinnamon roll or rent a movie on the way home as a reward for getting yourself out of bed on those icky, rainy days. But you don't get the reward if you didn't get up on time!
• Tell your spouse you need help. If you're dealing with a night-owl spouse, just let him know that you're going to go to bed a little earlier than he does. Then when you get sleepy, go to bed. It's okay. He'll still love you.
• Set up routines for your children. Morning and evening. Nights will go smoother, they'll get to bed on time, you can relax and get a good night's sleep. Mornings will be easier and hassle-free and you won't have to dread them anymore.
• Limit your social obligations. If you know it's going to be later than you want to be, just say no. Save it for the weekend. Stay home more. Play with your kids. Talk to your husband. Knit something. Call your aunt in Nebraska. Write a letter to your sister (she'll be amazed). Watch a good movie. Be a homebody during the week. It's okay to slow your life down.
• Open the curtains, or get new ones. Let in some morning light.
• Get a good alarm clock, and set it up where you can see it but not touch it from your bed.
• Set up your coffee maker at night. When your alarm goes off, get up, turn it off, flip on your coffee maker, and don't even think about going back to bed while it brews!

14 February - What the World Needs Now Is Love, Sweet Love

Success. I got right up with the alarm this morning but I really struggled staying awake for that first 45 minutes. I was working on a Bible study and then writing and my words kept trailing off on the end.

I don't know why some mornings it is harder to stay awake. I was up until 11 last night, but I felt okay. I even read in bed for about 10 minutes before my eyelids starting dragging, and at that point I put the book down and went to sleep. Robbie woke up a couple of times, including a feeding at 2 a.m., and those interruptions plus just the physical stress of still coughing and being congested is making me need more sleep than usual. 5 to 6 hours, normally, is sufficient for most nights.

One note on trying to get up early. In the past when I've tried to be consistent, I would calculate a reasonable bedtime to allow myself time to get the amount of sleep I thought I needed. It never worked well. I have a difficult time making bedtime consistent and every time I could not get to bed "on time" I got frustrated and worryed that I would not get enough sleep, would not be able to get up in the morning. Sure enough, I never felt like I got enough sleep and often wasn't "able" to get up in the morning.

A couple of months ago I read this post by Steve Pavlina about becoming an early riser. He maintains that the best approach for waking up early is to go to bed when you are sleepy (whatever time that happens to be) and get up with your alarm at a consistent time every morning. This concept of simply going to bed when you're sleepy - without worrying about the time or hours of sleep you'll get - has helped me so much in getting up early. Previously I was really trying to establish two difficult habits at one time: getting up early and getting to bed at the same time every night despite social obligations, kids, and a night-owl husband.

If you're wanting to start getting up early, I recommend that you read through that article and try the approach in a monthly challenge, 7 days a week. The other weak point in my previous "get-up-early" attempts was allowing myself to take days off. Days off simply throw more inconsistency into the mix and confuse you physically and mentally. Consistency is vital in establishing a habit.

I need to be more consistent in my life. Getting up early is one way I'm working on developing consistency. Forcing myself to be consistent in that one area is showing me many other areas in which consistency is badly needed.

Webster's 1828 Dictionary defines consistency as "a standing together... agreement or harmony of all parts of a complex thing... congruity; uniformity." Uniformity is "continued or unvaried sameness or likeness."

Uniformity of action, behavior, thought, and words is the expression of integrity (wholeness, entireness; moral soundness, purity, uprightness, incorruptness) within. Proverbs 14:2 says that 'he who walks in his uprightness (integrity) fears the Lord, but he who is crooked in his way despises Him.'

Being crooked in one's way is an apt description of lack of integrity (inner) and consistency (outer). It's hard to be trustworthy when your words are crooked. It's difficult to achieve goals when your daily work is crooked. Being crooked is self-defeating; it turns you aside from being complete, being fulfilled, and keeps you from accomplishing anything of value.

Consistent action is the antidote to crooked ways. It is easier to slide through the day in reaction to what happens; crookedness results. But building up one habit at a time of consistent behavior keeps that crooked sliding from being the rule of life. Strive for uniformity in thought and word, consistency in action and behavior, and integrity in heart and purpose.

The last couple of weeks have given me a good bit of time to do some reading. Newborns aren't particularly fast eaters; sitting down every 3 hours for 45 minutes or so to feed Robbie has gotten me through a fat stack of library books in the last two weeks. (It has also gotten me through multiple readings of "The Promise Rainbow and Noah's Ark" and "Dr. Seuss's ABC Book," two of Mara's favorites. I bet you didn't know that Z is for Zizzer-Zazzer-Zezzer, did you?) One of the books I've kept contemplating is Charlotte M. Mason's Home Education: Training and Education Children Under Nine . I have skimmed through this book but this time a couple of topics really stood out: first, her discussion of the power of habits, and second, her overview of the training of children.

The Power of Habits: "Habit Is Ten Natures"
Mason's basic premise is that education is the formation of habits. First, we must understand that "the effort of decision is the most exhausting effort of life" and even moreso for the child than for the adult, because they lack a fully developed strength of will. "It is the business of education," Mason says, "to find some way of supplementing that weakness of will which is the bane of most of us as well as of the children."

Our human natures provide us with natural tendencies, desires, affections, emotions universal to mankind as well as the particular quirks of personality unique to each individual. Mason points out that leaving the child to develop "unhindered according to the elements of character and disposition" results in very little progress in the child, if any at all, because "...it is unchangeably true that the child who is not being constantly raised to a higher and a higher platform will sink to a lower and a lower."

Human Nature vs. Habit
But habit, to be the lever to lift the child, must work contrary to nature, or at any rate, independently of her. ...exactly anything may be accomplished by training, that is, the cultivation of persistent habits.

What Mason calls the extraordinary power of habit is the tool of the parent and the educator in leading a child to full physical, moral, and intellectual development, for "it is easier for the child to follow lines of habit carefully laid down than to run off these lines at his peril." Children, like adults, are creatures of habits and as such will walk in the way of their habits whether they have been consciously or unconsciously formed. What parents tend to view as distinct preferences in their very young children are, most often, merely the expression of the power of habit. The preferences can be diverted by replacing an old habit with a new one. Certainly, there is a struggle against letting go of the old habit at the beginning; but once a new habit has become sufficiently ingrained in the child's life, it will be as preferred as the old one ever was.

Overcoming Human Nature Through Habit
It follows that this business of laying down lines towards the unexplored country of the child's future is a very serious and responsible one for the parent. It rests with him to consider well the tracks over which the child should travel with profit and pleasure; and, along these tracks, to lay down lines so invitingly smooth and easy that the little traveller is going upon them at full speed without stopping to consider whether or no he chooses to go that way.

A child who is in the habit of eating only carrots and chicken nuggets will develop into an adult unable to enjoy most of the flavors and textures of food; conversely, a child who is taught the habit of eating what is given without complaint will grow into an adult who consistently tries, and finds that he enjoys, many kinds of food.

The forming of the habit is the most difficult part; once the habit is in place, it will develop in strength with only a little oversight from the parent. During the forming process the continual help of the parent is needed, to remind the little person of what is expected and to let no diversion from the new habit go unchecked. So, to lteach the child to try all new food, the parent must be willing to spend as much time as necessary for those first meals. Perhaps only a bite or two of something unfamiliar is given with the rest of the meal. The parent will point out, at the beginning of the meal, in a conversational way, that there is something new and the child is expected to eat it. Will the child resist? Guaranteed, if the new habit of eating all food usurps an old habit of eating only what is familiar and accepted. At this point the parent must remember that the resistance is not of pain, deprivation, or even preference on the part of the child. Rather, the child is merely rebelling at the idea of jumping from an old, familiar track into a new one. Jumping tracks requires effort and does not appeal to a creature of habit. But the parent knows the child's life will be richer and better from forming this new habit, so the parent must the all-wise ruler in the situation and persist despite resistance.

The child sits in the chair until he takes the two bites. At the new meal, two bites of something else are introduced. There is no need to repeat the instructions; the child will remember. Again, the parent must persist despite resistance no matter how long it takes. Consistence is the only way a habit can be formed, and if the child sees just once that the new behavior is truly only optional, it will take ten times as long and a hundred times as much effort to instill the new habit.

With every meal, a few bites of some new, unfamiliar food are introduced and the unalterable expectation is maintained. The child will initially resist, but less and less as the habit of eating what is new becomes more familiar than the habit of refusing. As acceptance replaces resistance, larger amounts of new food can be introduced, always with the same quiet, unflinching expectation. Soon enough a new habit is formed and once formed requires only that the parent be alert enough to see that it is maintained in new places and situations just as steadily as it is at home.